|
|
| 2010 Július 29 (Csütörtök) |
Márta, Flóra névnapja |
Articles/Cikkek |
 |
BLACK SPRING OF 1990 -- The fifteenth anniversary
Marosvásárhely/Targu Mures - On March 19 and March 20, 1990, at
Marosvásárhely/Targu Mures, serious incidents happened in the street when
Romanians attacked silently protesting ethnic Hungarians. The events had
a negative impact upon the interethnic relations in Romania.
Transylvania's Hungarians have been waiting for fifteen years to receive
apologies following the anti-Hungarian pogrom. Transylvania's Hungarians
are still waiting for that jurisdiction to reveal: who was behind the
bloody events. The incident broke out when the ethnic Hungarian
inhabitants of Marosvásárhely/Targu Mures held a candle-light protest do
draw the attention of the new government to the promised restoration of
their banned institutes of education.
" ... armed and drunk peasants from the Reghin district soon arrived. The
crowd received them with the slogan: "Hodac e cu noi" [the village of
Hodac is with us]. The photograph has been seen around the world in which
a noncommissioned police officer enthusiastically greets the driver of a
bus transporting the terrorists. (...) This was how the moment was
recorded by the person manning one video camera in the main square:
"Look, they have broken through. Jesus Christ, they have pushed out onto
the square. With axes. They have gone crazy. I have never seen such a
thing in my life. With pitchforks. Good God, he has fallen down. Where
are the soldiers?" One Hungarian journalist in the square prior to this
moment describes noticing on the Romanian side a young woman, maybe 19 or
20, hoisted on someone's shoulders. She was always looking to the rear.
He heard her shout: "They have arrived, they're here." The young woman
jumped down and ran to the side, and suddenly the square was a sea of
axes. The Hungarians were now trying to arm themselves in order to return
to the scene. They dismantled fences and benches - indeed, it was
possible to know who was Hungarian because they held green staves.
Hungarians in a silent demonstration with candles and books in defence of
mother-tongue schooling. "They have broken through!" The first Romanian
charge, 20 March 1990, early evening.
One survivor, stabbed in the stomach.
They also raided building sites for weapons. In short they got hold of
anything that appeared suitable and returned to the front of the town
hall. From there, they drove the Romanians back to the Grand Hotel. Let
me note that the Hungarians of Targu Mures wanted to avoid clashes to such
an extent that this was the first time during the whole of this period
under review that they had actively responded to a Romanian provocation or
returned a Romanian attack. Further, the first dead and injured were all
Hungarians, which shows (in addition to the video-records), who started
the violence. ... The Hungarians built barricades in the streets leading
to the main square so that when after a big delay - three armoured
vehicles arrived, they got caught in the street to the right of the town
hall and could not continue. The Hungarians refused to let them through,
saying they did not trust the army, After repeated requests of mine, they
dismantled a barricade, and thus the three armoured vehicles were able to
get to the corner of the square next to the Grand Hotel, closing down the
square and the road leading to the town hall. After the army's arrival, I
spoke again: "The soldiers are here, they take their place. Nothing should
be done to them. Everybody should now stay in place. I ask everybody to
stay in place', nobody should pay attention to the military. Hungarians,
remain in your places!" But the arrival of the armoured vehicles
emboldened the Romanians ("The army is with us"). They started to throw
missiles at the Hungarians more and more aggressively. Paving stones were
delivered by a dump truck, gasoline by another truck. Molotov Cocktails
were being produced, which they threw at the Hungarians. Control over the
square ebbed and flowed during this time, with the Hungarians facing the
difficulty of confronting the Romanians sheltering behind the armoured
vehicles. The Romanians began to advance again. Then, at about 20:00,
small parties of young men began to arrive with silent steps behind the
Hungarian lines'. They wore white so that they would identify each other,
and they were well armed. The Hungarian Gypsies of Marosvásárhely/Targu
Mures had arrived. The Gypsies called out: "Hungarians never fear! The
Gypsies are here!' The Hungarian crowd roared. Together, they attacked and
forced the Romanians back behind the armoured vehicles. One of the Gypsy
leaders told me: "Mr. Kincses, should we not come to help the Hungarians,
when we are Hungarian Gypsies, and it hurts us if the Hungarians are being
beaten! " He added: "Today you, tomorrow us..." /Fragments and
photo-documents taken of 'Black Spring - Romania's Path from Revolution to
Pogrom' by eyewitness Elod Kincses. 1992./
The violent clash resulted in more than 100 serious injuries and three
ethnic-Hungarian victims: Antal Csipor, István Gémes and Zoltán Kiss. The
offenders have never been challenged. 40 Hungarians and 2 Gypsies were
sentenced for their participation in the clashes. 2 sentences were brought
against Romanians. The instigators have not been brought to justice.
Former state president, Ion Iliescu on 25 March 2005 declared that
Hungarians were to be blamed for the March 1990 events.
Evening of March 20. Romanians attacking under the cover of tanks.
"Hodac is with us!" - Romanian villagers with iron bars arrive to
Marosvásárhely/Targu Mures, in the main square.
After the event: the army finally deploys in strength early March 21. But
only the broken glass is left.
ANTI-HUNGARIAN INCIDENT IN THE ROMANIAN SENATE
The leader of the Great Romania Party (Partidul Romania Mare) threatened
one of the senators of the Democratic Alliance of Hungarians in Romania in
the Upper House of the Romanian Parliament on 15 March 2005. Senator
Corneliu Vadim Tudor, the former president - now honorary president - of
the renamed Great Romania Party (now "Peoples Party") gave voice to his
resent from the pulpit, that DAHR-Senator of Hargita/Harghita county,
Csaba Sógor, as a sign of commemoration of the Hungarian Fight for Freedom
and Revolution of 15 March 1848, pinned up a tricolour cockade. The
appearance of the Hungarian national colours in the Romanian senate "is
the dangerous sign of an escalation of Hungarian chauvinism", Vadim said.
According to Vadim, he was barely able to keep some senators of his party
back, tearing down the cockade, "this Hungarian shred". "If this happens
again", Vadim said, "he is not sure, if he can stop them again" - reported
www.trasnsindex.ro.
|
 |
|
HAL: List 
