László Rázga

. Haynau's military tribunal sentences and executes Major Alajos Medgyánszky and First Lt. Imre Gruber, defenders of Lipótvár. (today's Leopoldov, about 40 km NE of Pozsony/ Bratislava). The clergy isn't spared either, as László Rázga (Lutheran Pastor), carrying his own gallows, was executed in Pozsony. Haynau establishes the Csendõr constabulary, using Austrian practices.In a renewed battle at Komárom, Görgey chalks up success, but suffers a head wound. While recuperating, Col. Klapka takes charge.

To promote understanding with the nationalities, the Hungarian government favors free use of minority languages in ecclesiastical and official communications. Previously, Windischgraetz had granted a measure of linguistic autonomy in schools and local administrations.Communications "up the line" (i.e. to/from the imperial government) to be in German. None of this seemed to please the Serbs, who vacillated between autonomy demands and territorial integration with the Serbian Principality of Belgrade. Additionally infighting with Croats diminished whatever common aims had been identified. Kossuth heads triumphant entry into Pest, moving also the seat of government. Major governmental reforms planned: dissolution of the Upper House (thus breaking the traditional influence of the nobility). PM Szemere began drafting a new constitution, rail development plans announced, nationality relations reform. Romanian hostility abates.

The cabinet considers a proposal by Serb Col. Stratimirovich to go over to the Hungarians, provided a Serb Vojvodina can be agreed upon. Amnesty is declared for officers and men who went over to the Serbians.(June 14) Language autonomy and independence for Serb area schools and local administrations. Justice minister Vukovics drafts legislation to terminate the residual feudal obligations.

Russian Gen. Ivan Paskievich's main forces (some 200,000) cross into the Carpathian Basin via the Dukla pass.(June 15). The combined Austro-Russian forces increased to 370,000 vs. 152,000 Hungarians. Artillery ratio about 3 to 1, in favor of the Austro-Russian arsenals. Gen. Alexander Luders' s Russian troops cross in via the Tomos pass to begin their Transylvania campaign. Paskievich lays siege to Kassa and takes the city. (June 24)

Battle of Peréd

Mixed battle results : The 7th Honvéd corps under Gen. Pöltenberg defeated at Gyõr;Haynau occupies the city. Hungarians suffer losses at Peréd, thus abandoning plans to cross the Vág river line.Gen. Vécsey takes Arad from the imperial garrison

Austrian strategy had been to use Romanian forces against the Honvéds, without promises of even limited autonomy. The Rumanians thus developed second thoughts, having suffered some 40 thousand casualties, and 100 villages destroyed. Disillusioned, Romanian militcan Avram Iancu offers Hungarians a peace proposal.

Hungarian strategy to concentrate forces towards Szeged, instead of continuing pressure in Western Hungary.